《植物生理学报》 2016, 52(6): 799-809

植物对铵态氮的吸收转运调控机制研究进展

刘婷, 尚忠林^*

河北师范大学生命科学学院, 石家庄050024

通信作者：尚忠林；E-mail: shangzhonglin@mail.hebtu.edu.cn

摘　要：

铵作为重要的氮源被植物根系吸收并同化, 但是过量的铵也会对细胞造成毒害。植物必须依据外界环境和自身氮水平来严格调控根系对铵的吸收过程。铵转运蛋白介导的高亲和力铵跨质膜运输是植物根系吸收铵的主要途径, AMT基因的表达及转运活性在转录和蛋白水平等多层面被严格调控。本文对于植物铵吸收和转运机制, 尤其是近5年关于蛋白水平调控的最新研究进展进行了评述。

关键词：铵吸收; 铵转运蛋白; 转录水平调控; 蛋白水平调控

收稿：2015-12-18   修定：2016-04-16

资助：河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(Q2012065)、河北师范大学自然科学重点基金科研项目(L2012Z04)和河北师范大学博士基金项目(L2011B11)。

Research progress on molecular regulation of ammonium uptake and transport in plant

LIU Ting, SHANG Zhong-lin^*

College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China

Corresponding author: SHANG Zhong-lin; E-mail: shangzhonglin@mail.hebtu.edu.cn

Abstract:

Ammonium is, besides nitrate, the most important nitrogen form being taken up and assimilated by root cells, while, over ammonium accumulation is toxic to plant cells. Thus, ammonium uptake process must be tightly controlled according to plant nitrogen status and external nitrogen availability. AMT-type ammonium transporters have been demonstrated to mediate high-affinity ammonium uptake across the plasma membrane in roots, and AMT gene expression and its transport activities are strictly controlled on multilevel including transcription and translation levels. Here, research progress on plant ammonium uptake and transport mechanism is discussed, especially translational regulation in the recent five years.

Key words: ammonium uptake; ammonium transporter; transcriptional regulation; translational regulation